I always assumed that the stations were for defense against other Klingons...
Interestingly enough, I plan to use them as enemies in a Klingon setting I was asking about an honor system for.
I have the FASA supplement & the little info provided, which can be good and bad, lots of room to improvise vs. lots of room to have to improvise ! ~
I recall waaaaaaaay back doing up a template & then discovering Owen's as well, and either going with his as is or meshing them into something I liked ... I'll have to have a look at the finished product vs. the template on his site .... one thing I know I was thinking about with them in mind was whether to use the "gliding" ability Owen gave to the Star Frontiers converted Yzarians ...
I basically wanted something less than a major power as an enemy at this point as the campaign is to be set within a sector that one Klingon House controls (the house I'm working on a character generation "sourcebook" for).
Then depending on how things go it could become a major story line for the campaign.
At this point I was thinking along the lines of a Kinshaya task force doing an exploratory foray against the forces in this sector and taking it from there.
Still trying to decide the setting as well ... post DS9 or post TOS filling in some time until TNG ...
Reading all this made me wonder whether there could be a connection between the Kinshaya and the Hur'q... Could the Kinshaya have been responsible for the disappearance of the Hur'q, something which would even enforce the Klingon's embarassment toward them (since they managed to deal swiftly with an enemy that successfully invaded them) ?
"The main difference between Trekkies and Manchester United fans is that Trekkies never trashed a train carriage. So why are the Trekkies the social outcasts?"
Terry Pratchett
Given the almost complete lack of information about them, you could go that route if you like. However, the Hur'q invasion happened a long time ago and if the Kinshaya were tough enough to wipe out the Hur'q, why did they wait so long to meet the Kingons?
Edit: A logical reason, after thinking about it a bit, would be that the Kinshaya may have wiped out the Hur'q, but at a staggering cost to themselves that took centuries to recover from before they could run into the Klingons and give them fits as well.
"For to win 100 victories in 100 battles is not the acme of skill. To subdue the enemy without fighting is the acme of skill." Sun Tzu - The Art of War