I've always liked the advanced training programs, but I'm pretty sure I'd do a heavy rewrite for a 23rd-century game. I like the idea that ships (and thus personnel) are pretty isolated, so I picture a more informal advanced training structure involving accredited instruction by personnel serving on a ship or starbase. Probably fewer points per package, and realistically offerings might be kind of ad hoc.
I have always felt there should be enlisted personnel in TOS; so, I modified things to allow for them. I gave ensigns golden slashes on their cuffs kind of like "/ / /", and I gave enlisted personnel a similar progression except in silver, and warrant officers have a combination of silver and gold. I have it roughly worked out in a couple of ODT files. I warn you I have little artistic capacity, and it doesn't look pretty, but it does give the basic idea of what I am talking about if anyone is interested.