Well, you could have scanned it, then either blasted it or beamed it into the ship, or whatever, but the helmsman is supposed to follow orders from the CO or OIC, not doing that is grounds for disciplinary action. For us, Starfleet is a little more like a military (post Dominion War) so these sort of situations are dealt with swiftly and harshly, maybe a lot like Hornblower's Royal Navy.
The other point is the nature of command, once an order is given in a combat situation, it is followed, not discussed in a committee. To discuss every order when it is given leads to dangerous levels of combat readiness. So the CO gives an order and it is followed, and the CO gets the glory or the blame, depending on the situation and the rules of engagement.
"Retreat?! Hell, we just got here!", annonymous American Marine, WWI
"Gravity is a harsh mistress....", The Tick