I've been working on a player's sourcebook and house rules document for my upcoming ST campaign. In it, I've included relevant portions of the Price Of Freedom sourcebook (Federation Government, UFP Constitution, UFP Membership, and, of course, Starfleet.)
To give my players a bit more background flavor, I included as many Starfleet General Orders, Rules, & Regulations from canon sources as I could find. I figure that other Narrator's might like to see them. If I've missed any, please post them here along with the source of the regulation.
Let's keep it to canon sources on this thread please. Non-canon rules & regs should be posted to the "Non-Canon Starfleet Rules & Regs" thread.
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STARFLEET GENERAL ORDERS
General Order 1: The Prime Directive (episodes too numerous to quote)
General Order 07: No United Federation of Planets vessel, under any conditions, emergency or otherwise, is permitted to visit Talos IV. To do so carries a mandatory death penalty. (Spock was acquitted of violating this order after kidnapping Christopher Pike to live among the Talosians. ("The Menagerie, Parts I and 11" [TOS]). - Wording for this General Order isn't a direct quote from the episode.)
General Order 12: On the approach of any vessel wherein communications have not been established, a starship is to assume alert status, but shouldn't raise defensive shields unless the approaching vessel clearly displays hostile intentions. (Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan - Wording for this General Order isn't a direct quote from the film.).
General Order 15: "No flag officer shall beam into a hazardous area without armed escort." (Saavik reminded Kirk of General Order 15 before he beamed to the Regula I Space Laboratory. (Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan).)
General Order 24: The destruction of intelligent being(s) is permissable only to prevent a violation of General Order 01, and only as the sole means of preventing such a violation. Such action may be ordered only by an officer of command grade or higher. Said officer assumes sole responsibility for this order and any misuse of General Order 23 incurs equal culpability as a violation of General Order 02. (Kirk invoked General Order 24 at planet Eminiar VII in an effort to force planetary authorities to enter peace talks with neighboring planet Vendikar. ("A Taste of Armageddon" [TOS]). Wording for this General Order isn't a direct quote from the episode.)
STARFLEET RULES & REGULATIONS:
Regulation 3, Paragraph 12: "In the event of imminent destruction, a captain is authorized to preserve the lives of his crew by any justfiable means" provided such means do not violate Starfleet General Orders 01-05. (Quoted portion from "Equinox, Part 1" [VOY]).
Regulation 46A: "If transmissions are being monitored during battle, no uncoded messages on an open channel." (Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan).
Regulation 42/15: Engineering procedure relating to impulse engines, entitled "Pressure Variances in the Impulse Reaction Chamber Tank Storage." Montgomery Scott wrote this particular regulation for Starfleet, but many years later admitted that it was a wee bit conservative. ("Relics" [TNG]).
Regulation 157, Section 111, Paragraph 18: Referring to time travel, "Starfleet officers shall take all necessary precautions to minimize any participation in historical events." ("Trials and Tribble-ations" [DS9]).
Regulation 191, Article 14: "In a combat situation involving more than one ship, command falls to the vessel with tactical superiority." ("Equinox, Part 1" [VOY]).
Regulation 476-9: "All away teams must report to the bridge at least once every twenty-four hours." ("Once Upon A Time" [VOY]).
Directive 010: "Before engaging an alien species in battle, any and all attempts to make first contact, and achieve non-military resolution, must be made." ("In The Flesh" [VOY])
Directive 101: Assures that an individual accused of a crime has the right to remain silent. (In 2372, Voyager Security Chief Tuvok informed confessed murderer Lon Suder that Starfleet Directive 101 freed him from answering questions concerning the crime ("Meld" [VGR]). This also is a right upheld by the Seventh Guarantee of the Federation Constitution ("The Drumhead" [TNG]).
Starfleet Tactical Directive 36: "[A starship] captain will not engage a hostile force without the protection of a security officer." ("Unimatrix Zero, Part 1" [VOY])
The Starfleet Handbook on Personal Relationships (a tome three centimeters thick) states that "All Starfleet personnel must obtain authorization from their commanding officer, as well as clearance from their medical officer, before initiating an intimate relationship with an alien species." ("The Disease" [VOY]).
Protocols and Procedures:
Not all of Starfleet's rules, regulations, and procedures were quoted directly "from the books" by characters on-screen but rather were generally paraphrased. Those "regulations" are listed here:
Starfleet's temporal displacement policy prohibits timetraveling personnel from interfering in past time lines. ("Past Tense, Part I" [DS9]).
Away team guidelines specifically forbid the transport of unknown infectious agents onto a starship without first establishing containment and eradication protocols. ("Macrocosm" [VGR]).
Starfleet protocols about the transfer of weaponry is quite strict, which prohibits Janeway (in the ST:VOY episode "Dragon's Teeth,") from providing the Vaadwaur with photon torpedoes. (Presumably, this is related to the Prime Directive.)
Striking a fellow officer is a court-martial offense ("Parallax" [VOY])
The standard 15-501 Crew Personnel Report is usually transmitted to Starfleet Medical by an alien world's government so that there is a record of a physiological make-up of crew members from new species. Customarily, it is the ship's Chief Medical Officer's responsiblity to update the medical database on new additions to the crew. ("Time and Again" [VOY])
The wearing of headbands and jewelry are in violation of Starfleet Dress Code. ("Learning Curve" [VOY]). (We can assume from this that cultural items, such as Worf's baldric and Lieutenant Ro's Bajoran earring, are worn at the discretion of the commanding officer of one's ship or unit.)
In matters of health, a starship's chief medical officer "outranks" the Captain. ("Persistence of Vision" [VOY])
Starfleet protocol demands that an away team remain armed and ready to defend themselves until contact with an alien species is made ("Tattoo" [VOY]).
When the captain of a Starfleet vessel receives an official request for asylum, part of official protocol includes holding a fact-finding hearing ("Death Wish" [VOY]).
Encroaching on the territory of an alien species is prohibited by Starfleet regulations ("The Swarm" [VOY])
According to Starfleet guidelines for an away team, if there could be a "Medical Emergency on Alien Terrain," it is recommended that the away team keep an open communications channel at all times. Away team guidelines also specifically forbid the transport of unknown infectious agents on to a a starship without establishing containment and eradication protocols. ("Macrocosm" [VGR])
Starfleet Security Protocol 28, subsection D: In the event of hostile alien takeover of a Starfleet vessel, the Emergency Medical Hologram is to deactivate and await rescue. ("Message In A Bottle" [VOY])
Sending at least two people on an away mission is recommended Starfleet protocol. ("Hunters" [VOY])
Omega Directive: When encountering "Omega" molecules, starship captains are instructed to take whatever steps necessary to destroy the substance. Federation Flag Officers and starship captains are the only ones briefed on this threat and are forbidden to reveal the nature of the threat to their subordinates. ("The Omega Directive" [VOY]). (Thus, characters who are not Flag Officers or starship captains are not aware of the existence of Omega molecules nor of the Omega Directive.)
Away team protocol dictates that crew members are required to submit to a physical examination if the mission lasts form more than two weeks. ("Memorial" [VOY]).